📖 项目介绍

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Awesome Python 

An opinionated list of awesome Python frameworks, libraries, software and resources.

Inspired by awesome-php.

- Awesome Python
- Admin Panels
- Algorithms and Design Patterns
- ASGI Servers
- Asynchronous Programming
- Audio
- Authentication
- Build Tools
- Built-in Classes Enhancement
- Caching
- CMS
- Code Analysis
- Command-line Interface Development
- Command-line Tools
- Computer Vision
- Configuration Files
- Cryptography
- Data Analysis
- Data Validation
- Data Visualization
- Database Drivers
- Database
- Date and Time
- Debugging Tools
- Deep Learning
- DevOps Tools
- Distributed Computing
- Distribution
- Documentation
- Downloader
- Editor Plugins and IDEs
- Email
- Environment Management
- File Manipulation
- Functional Programming
- Game Development
- Geolocation
- GUI Development
- Hardware
- HTML Manipulation
- HTTP Clients
- Image Processing
- Implementations
- Interactive Interpreter
- Internationalization
- Job Scheduler
- Logging
- Machine Learning
- Miscellaneous
- Natural Language Processing
- Network Virtualization
- ORM
- Package Management
- Package Repositories
- Penetration testing
- Permissions
- Processes
- Recommender Systems
- Refactoring
- RESTful API
- Robotics
- RPC Servers
- Science
- Search
- Serialization
- Serverless Frameworks
- Shell
- Specific Formats Processing
- Static Site Generator
- Task Queues
- Template Engine
- Testing
- Text Processing
- URL Manipulation
- Video
- Web Asset Management
- Web Content Extracting
- Web Crawling
- Web Frameworks
- WebSocket
- WSGI Servers
- Resources
- Newsletters
- Podcasts
- Contributing

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Admin Panels

_Libraries for administrative interfaces._

- ajenti - The admin panel your servers deserve.
- django-grappelli - A jazzy skin for the Django Admin-Interface.
- django-unfold - Elevate your Django admin with a stunning modern interface, powerful features, and seamless user experience.
- flask-admin - Simple and extensible administrative interface framework for Flask.
- flower - Real-time monitor and web admin for Celery.
- func-to-web - Instantly create web UIs from Python functions using type hints. Zero frontend code required.
- jet-bridge - Admin panel framework for any application with nice UI (ex Jet Django).
- streamlit - A framework which lets you build dashboards, generate reports, or create chat apps in minutes.
- wooey - A Django app which creates automatic web UIs for Python scripts.

Algorithms and Design Patterns

_Python implementation of data structures, algorithms and design patterns. Also see awesome-algorithms._

- Algorithms
- algorithms - Minimal examples of data structures and algorithms.
- python-ds - A collection of data structure and algorithms for coding interviews.
- sortedcontainers - Fast and pure-Python implementation of sorted collections.
- thealgorithms - All Algorithms implemented in Python.
- Design Patterns
- pypattyrn - A simple yet effective library for implementing common design patterns.
- python-patterns - A collection of design patterns in Python.
- transitions - A lightweight, object-oriented finite state machine implementation.

ASGI Servers

_ASGI-compatible web servers._

- daphne - A HTTP, HTTP2 and WebSocket protocol server for ASGI and ASGI-HTTP.
- granian - Granian is a Rust HTTP server for Python applications built on top of Hyper and Tokio,supporting WSGI/ASGI/RSGI.
- hypercorn - An ASGI and WSGI Server based on Hyper libraries and inspired by Gunicorn.
- uvicorn - A lightning-fast ASGI server implementation, using uvloop and httptools.

Asynchronous Programming

_Libraries for asynchronous, concurrent and parallel execution. Also see awesome-asyncio._

- asyncio - (Python standard library) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.
- awesome-asyncio
- concurrent.futures - (Python standard library) A high-level interface for asynchronously executing callables.
- gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet.
- multiprocessing - (Python standard library) Process-based parallelism.
- trio - A friendly library for async concurrency and I/O.
- twisted - An event-driven networking engine.
- uvloop - Ultra fast asyncio event loop.

Audio

_Libraries for manipulating audio and its metadata._

- Audio
- audioFlux - A library for audio and music analysis, feature extraction.
- audioread - Cross-library (GStreamer + Core Audio + MAD + FFmpeg) audio decoding.
- dejavu - Audio fingerprinting and recognition.
- kapre - Keras Audio Preprocessors.
- librosa - Python library for audio and music analysis.
- matchering - A library for automated reference audio mastering.
- mingus - An advanced music theory and notation package with MIDI file and playback support.
- pyaudioanalysis - Audio feature extraction, classification, segmentation and applications.
- pydub - Manipulate audio with a simple and easy high level interface.
- timeside - Open web audio processing framework.
- Metadata
- beets - A music library manager and MusicBrainz tagger.
- eyed3 - A tool for working with audio files, specifically MP3 files containing ID3 metadata.
- mutagen - A Python module to handle audio metadata.
- tinytag - A library for reading music meta data of MP3, OGG, FLAC and Wave files.

Authentication

_Libraries for implementing authentication schemes._

- OAuth
- authlib - JavaScript Object Signing and Encryption draft implementation.
- django-allauth - Authentication app for Django that "just works."
- django-oauth-toolkit - OAuth 2 goodies for Django.
- oauthlib - A generic and thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic.
- JWT
- pyjwt - JSON Web Token implementation in Python.
- python-jose - A JOSE implementation in Python.

Build Tools

_Compile software from source code._

- bitbake - A make-like build tool for embedded Linux.
- buildout - A build system for creating, assembling and deploying applications from multiple parts.
- platformio - A console tool to build code with different development platforms.
- pybuilder - A continuous build tool written in pure Python.
- scons - A software construction tool.

Built-in Classes Enhancement

_Libraries for enhancing Python built-in classes._

- attrs - Replacement for __init__, __eq__, __repr__, etc. boilerplate in class definitions.
- bidict - Efficient, Pythonic bidirectional map data structures and related functionality..
- box - Python dictionaries with advanced dot notation access.
- dataclasses - (Python standard library) Data classes.
- dotteddict - A library that provides a method of accessing lists and dicts with a dotted path notation.

CMS

_Content Management Systems._

- feincms - One of the most advanced Content Management Systems built on Django.
- indico - A feature-rich event management system, made @ CERN.
- wagtail - A Django content management system.

Caching

_Libraries for caching data._

- beaker - A WSGI middleware for sessions and caching.
- django-cache-machine - Automatic caching and invalidation for Django models.
- django-cacheops - A slick ORM cache with automatic granular event-driven invalidation.
- dogpile.cache - dogpile.cache is a next generation replacement for Beaker made by the same authors.
- hermescache - Python caching library with tag-based invalidation and dogpile effect prevention.
- pylibmc - A Python wrapper around the libmemcached interface.
- python-diskcache - SQLite and file backed cache backend with faster lookups than memcached and redis.

Code Analysis

_Tools of static analysis, linters and code quality checkers. Also see awesome-static-analysis._

- Code Analysis
- code2flow - Turn your Python and JavaScript code into DOT flowcharts.
- prospector - A tool to analyze Python code.
- vulture - A tool for finding and analyzing dead Python code.
- Code Linters
- flake8 - A wrapper around pycodestyle, pyflakes and McCabe.
- awesome-flake8-extensions
- pylint - A fully customizable source code analyzer.
- ruff - An extremely fast Python linter and code formatter.
- Code Formatters
- black - The uncompromising Python code formatter.
- isort - A Python utility / library to sort imports.
- yapf - Yet another Python code formatter from Google.
- Static Type Checkers, also see awesome-python-typing
- mypy - Check variable types during compile time.
- pyre-check - Performant type checking.
- typeshed - Collection of library stubs for Python, with static types.
- Static Type Annotations Generators
- monkeytype - A system for Python that generates static type annotations by collecting runtime types.
- pytype - Pytype checks and infers types for Python code - without requiring type annotations.

Command-line Interface Development

_Libraries for building command-line applications._

- Command-line Application Development
- cement - CLI Application Framework for Python.
- click - A package for creating beautiful command line interfaces in a composable way.
- cliff - A framework for creating command-line programs with multi-level commands.
- python-fire - A library for creating command line interfaces from absolutely any Python object.
- python-prompt-toolkit - A library for building powerful interactive command lines.
- Typer - Modern CLI framework that uses Python type hints. Built on Click and Pydantic.
- Terminal Rendering
- alive-progress - A new kind of Progress Bar, with real-time throughput, eta and very cool animations.
- asciimatics - A package to create full-screen text UIs (from interactive forms to ASCII animations).
- bashplotlib - Making basic plots in the terminal.
- colorama - Cross-platform colored terminal text.
- rich - Python library for rich text and beautiful formatting in the terminal. Also provides a great RichHandler log handler.
- tqdm - Fast, extensible progress bar for loops and CLI.

Command-line Tools

_Useful CLI-based tools for productivity._

- Productivity Tools
- cookiecutter - A command-line utility that creates projects from cookiecutters (project templates).
- copier - A library and command-line utility for rendering projects templates.
- doitlive - A tool for live presentations in the terminal.
- howdoi - Instant coding answers via the command line.
- invoke - A tool for managing shell-oriented subprocesses and organizing executable Python code into CLI-invokable tasks.
- pathpicker - Select files out of bash output.
- thefuck - Correcting your previous console command.
- tmuxp - A tmux session manager.
- try - A dead simple CLI to try out python packages - it's never been easier.
- CLI Enhancements
- httpie - A command line HTTP client, a user-friendly cURL replacement.
- iredis - Redis CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
- litecli - SQLite CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
- mycli - MySQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
- pgcli - PostgreSQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.

Computer Vision

_Libraries for Computer Vision._

- easyocr - Ready-to-use OCR with 40+ languages supported.
- kornia - Open Source Differentiable Computer Vision Library for PyTorch.
- opencv - Open Source Computer Vision Library.
- pytesseract - A wrapper for Google Tesseract OCR.
- tesserocr - Another simple, Pillow-friendly, wrapper around the tesseract-ocr API for OCR.

Configuration Files

_Libraries for storing and parsing configuration options._

- configobj - INI file parser with validation.
- configparser - (Python standard library) INI file parser.
- hydra - Hydra is a framework for elegantly configuring complex applications.
- python-decouple - Strict separation of settings from code.

Cryptography

- cryptography - A package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers.
- paramiko - The leading native Python SSHv2 protocol library.
- pynacl - Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library.

Data Analysis

_Libraries for data analysis._

- aws-sdk-pandas - Pandas on AWS.
- datasette - An open source multi-tool for exploring and publishing data.
- desbordante - An open source data profiler for complex pattern discovery.
- optimus - Agile Data Science Workflows made easy with PySpark.
- pandas - A library providing high-performance, easy-to-use data structures and data analysis tools.
- pathway - Real-time data processing framework for Python with reactive dataflows.
- polars - A fast DataFrame library implemented in Rust with a Python API.

Data Validation

_Libraries for validating data. Used for forms in many cases._

- cerberus - A lightweight and extensible data validation library.
- colander - Validating and deserializing data obtained via XML, JSON, an HTML form post.
- jsonschema - An implementation of JSON Schema for Python.
- pydantic - Data validation using Python type hints.
- schema - A library for validating Python data structures.
- schematics - Data Structure Validation.
- voluptuous - A Python data validation library.

Data Visualization

_Libraries for visualizing data. Also see awesome-javascript._

- altair - Declarative statistical visualization library for Python.
- bokeh - Interactive Web Plotting for Python.
- bqplot - Interactive Plotting Library for the Jupyter Notebook.
- cartopy - A cartographic python library with matplotlib support.
- diagrams - Diagram as Code.
- matplotlib - A Python 2D plotting library.
- plotnine - A grammar of graphics for Python based on ggplot2.
- pygal - A Python SVG Charts Creator.
- pygraphviz - Python interface to Graphviz.
- pyqtgraph - Interactive and realtime 2D/3D/Image plotting and science/engineering widgets.
- seaborn - Statistical data visualization using Matplotlib.
- UltraPlot - Matplotlib wrapper for publication-ready scientific figures with minimal code. Includes advanced subplot management, panel layouts, and batteries-included geoscience plotting.
- vispy - High-performance scientific visualization based on OpenGL.

Database

_Databases implemented in Python._

- DuckDB - An in-process SQL OLAP database management system; optimized for analytics and fast queries, similar to SQLite but for analytical workloads.
- pickleDB - A simple and lightweight key-value store for Python.
- tinydb - A tiny, document-oriented database.
- zodb - A native object database for Python. A key-value and object graph database.

Database Drivers

_Libraries for connecting and operating databases._

- MySQL - awesome-mysql
- mysqlclient - MySQL connector with Python 3 support (mysql-python fork).
- pymysql - A pure Python MySQL driver compatible to mysql-python.
- PostgreSQL - awesome-postgres
- psycopg - The most popular PostgreSQL adapter for Python.
- SQlite - awesome-sqlite
- sqlite-utils - Python CLI utility and library for manipulating SQLite databases.
- sqlite3 - (Python standard library) SQlite interface compliant with DB-API 2.0.
- Other Relational Databases
- clickhouse-driver - Python driver with native interface for ClickHouse.
- pymssql - A simple database interface to Microsoft SQL Server.
- NoSQL Databases
- cassandra-driver - The Python Driver for Apache Cassandra.
- happybase - A developer-friendly library for Apache HBase.
- kafka-python - The Python client for Apache Kafka.
- motor - The async Python driver for MongoDB.
- pymongo - The official Python client for MongoDB.
- redis-py - The Python client for Redis.

Date and Time

_Libraries for working with dates and times._

- arrow - A Python library that offers a sensible and human-friendly approach to creating, manipulating, formatting and converting dates, times and timestamps.
- dateutil - Extensions to the standard Python datetime module.
- pendulum - Python datetimes made easy.
- pytz - World timezone definitions, modern and historical. Brings the tz database into Python.

Debugging Tools

_Libraries for debugging code._

- pdb-like Debugger
- ipdb - IPython-enabled pdb.
- pudb - A full-screen, console-based Python debugger.
- Tracing
- manhole - Debugging UNIX socket connections and present the stacktraces for all threads and an interactive prompt.
- python-hunter - A flexible code tracing toolkit.
- Profiler
- py-spy - A sampling profiler for Python programs. Written in Rust.
- vprof - Visual Python profiler.
- Others
- django-debug-toolbar - Display various debug information for Django.
- flask-debugtoolbar - A port of the django-debug-toolbar to flask.
- icecream - Inspect variables, expressions, and program execution with a single, simple function call.
- memory-graph - Visualize Python data at runtime to debug references, mutability, and aliasing.
- pyelftools - Parsing and analyzing ELF files and DWARF debugging information.

Deep Learning

_Frameworks for Neural Networks and Deep Learning. Also see awesome-deep-learning._

- jax - a library for high-performance numerical computing with automatic differentiation and JIT compilation.
- keras - A high-level neural networks library and capable of running on top of either TensorFlow or Theano.
- pytorch-lightning - Deep learning framework to train, deploy, and ship AI products Lightning fast.
- pytorch - Tensors and Dynamic neural networks in Python with strong GPU acceleration.
- stable-baselines3 - PyTorch implementations of Stable Baselines (deep) reinforcement learning algorithms.
- tensorflow - The most popular Deep Learning framework created by Google.

DevOps Tools

_Software and libraries for DevOps._

- Cloud Providers
- boto3 - Python interface to Amazon Web Services.
- Configuration Management
- ansible - A radically simple IT automation platform.
- cloudinit - A multi-distribution package that handles early initialization of a cloud instance.
- openstack - Open source software for building private and public clouds.
- pyinfra - A versatile CLI tools and python libraries to automate infrastructure.
- saltstack - Infrastructure automation and management system.
- SSH-style Deployment
- cuisine - Chef-like functionality for Fabric.
- fabric - A simple, Pythonic tool for remote execution and deployment.
- Process Management
- supervisor - Supervisor process control system for UNIX.
- Monitoring
- psutil - A cross-platform process and system utilities module.
- Backup
- borg - A deduplicating archiver with compression and encryption.

Distributed Computing

_Frameworks and libraries for Distributed Computing._

- Batch Processing
- dask - A flexible parallel computing library for analytic computing.
- luigi - A module that helps you build complex pipelines of batch jobs.
- mpi4py - Python bindings for MPI.
- PySpark - Apache Spark Python API.
- Ray - A system for parallel and distributed Python that unifies the machine learning ecosystem.
- Stream Processing
- faust - A stream processing library, porting the ideas from Kafka Streams to Python.
- streamparse - Run Python code against real-time streams of data via Apache Storm.

Distribution

_Libraries to create packaged executables for release distribution._

- cx_freeze - It is a Python tool that converts Python scripts into standalone executables and installers for Windows, macOS, and Linux.
- Nuitka - Compiles Python programs into high-performance standalone executables (cross-platform, supports all Python versions).
- py2app - Freezes Python scripts (Mac OS X).
- py2exe - Freezes Python scripts (Windows).
- pyarmor - A tool used to obfuscate python scripts, bind obfuscated scripts to fixed machine or expire obfuscated scripts.
- pyinstaller - Converts Python programs into stand-alone executables (cross-platform).
- shiv - A command line utility for building fully self-contained zipapps (PEP 441), but with all their dependencies included.

Documentation

_Libraries for generating project documentation._

- sphinx - Python Documentation generator.
- awesome-sphinxdoc
- pdoc - Epydoc replacement to auto generate API documentation for Python libraries.

Downloader

_Libraries for downloading._

- akshare - A financial data interface library, built for human beings!
- s3cmd - A command line tool for managing Amazon S3 and CloudFront.
- youtube-dl - A command-line program to download videos from YouTube and other video sites.

Editor Plugins and IDEs

- Emacs
- elpy - Emacs Python Development Environment.
- Vim
- jedi-vim - Vim bindings for the Jedi auto-completion library for Python.
- python-mode - An all in one plugin for turning Vim into a Python IDE.
- YouCompleteMe - Includes Jedi-based completion engine for Python.
- Visual Studio
- PTVS - Python Tools for Visual Studio.
- Visual Studio Code
- Python - The official VSCode extension with rich support for Python.
- IDE
- PyCharm - Commercial Python IDE by JetBrains. Has free community edition available.
- spyder - Open Source Python IDE.

Email

_Libraries for sending and parsing email._

- Mail Servers
- modoboa - A mail hosting and management platform including a modern Web UI.
- salmon - A Python Mail Server.
- Clients
- imbox - Python IMAP for Humans.
- yagmail - Yet another Gmail/SMTP client.
- Others
- flanker - An email address and Mime parsing library.
- mailer - High-performance extensible mail delivery framework.

Environment Management

_Libraries for Python version and virtual environment management._

- pyenv - Simple Python version management.
- virtualenv - A tool to create isolated Python environments.

File Manipulation

_Libraries for file manipulation._

- mimetypes - (Python standard library) Map filenames to MIME types.
- path.py - A module wrapper for os.path.
- pathlib - (Python standard library) An cross-platform, object-oriented path library.
- python-magic - A Python interface to the libmagic file type identification library.
- watchdog - API and shell utilities to monitor file system events.
- watchfiles - Simple, modern and fast file watching and code reload in python.

Functional Programming

_Functional Programming with Python._

- coconut - A variant of Python built for simple, elegant, Pythonic functional programming.
- cytoolz - Cython implementation of Toolz: High performance functional utilities.
- funcy - A fancy and practical functional tools.
- more-itertools - More routines for operating on iterables, beyond itertools.
- returns - A set of type-safe monads, transformers, and composition utilities.
- toolz - A collection of functional utilities for iterators, functions, and dictionaries.

GUI Development

_Libraries for working with graphical user interface applications._

- curses - Built-in wrapper for ncurses used to create terminal GUI applications.
- CustomTkinter - A modern and customizable python UI-library based on Tkinter.
- DearPyGui - A Simple GPU accelerated Python GUI framework
- enaml - Creating beautiful user-interfaces with Declarative Syntax like QML.
- Flet - Cross-platform GUI framework for building modern apps in pure Python. Run on Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS, and the Web.
- Flexx - Flexx is a pure Python toolkit for creating GUI's, that uses web technology for its rendering.
- Gooey - Turn command line programs into a full GUI application with one line.
- kivy - A library for creating NUI applications, running on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android and iOS.
- NiceGui - It is great for micro web apps, dashboards, robotics projects, smart home solutions and similar use cases. You can also use it in development, for example when tweaking/configuring a machine learning algorithm or tuning motor controllers.
- pyglet - A cross-platform windowing and multimedia library for Python.
- PyGObject - Python Bindings for GLib/GObject/GIO/GTK+ (GTK+3).
- PySide - Qt for Python offers the official Python bindings for Qt, this is same as PyQt but it's the official binding with different licensing.
- PyQt - Python bindings for the Qt cross-platform application and UI framework.
- pywebview - A lightweight cross-platform native wrapper around a webview component.
- Tkinter - Tkinter is Python's de-facto standard GUI package.
- Toga - A Python native, OS native GUI toolkit.
- urwid - A library for creating terminal GUI applications with strong support for widgets, events, rich colors, etc.
- wxPython - A blending of the wxWidgets C++ class library with the Python.

GraphQL

_Libraries for working with GraphQL._

- graphene - GraphQL framework for Python.
- strawberry-django - Strawberry GraphQL integration with Django.

Game Development

_Awesome game development libraries._

- Arcade - Arcade is a modern Python framework for crafting games with compelling graphics and sound.
- Cocos2d - cocos2d is a framework for building 2D games, demos, and other graphical/interactive applications.
- Harfang3D - Python framework for 3D, VR and game development.
- Panda3D - 3D game engine developed by Disney.
- Pygame - Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing games.
- PyOgre - Python bindings for the Ogre 3D render engine, can be used for games, simulations, anything 3D.
- PyOpenGL - Python ctypes bindings for OpenGL and it's related APIs.
- PySDL2 - A ctypes based wrapper for the SDL2 library.
- RenPy - A Visual Novel engine.

Geolocation

_Libraries for geocoding addresses and working with latitudes and longitudes._

- django-countries - A Django app that provides a country field for models and forms.
- geodjango - A world-class geographic web framework.
- geojson - Python bindings and utilities for GeoJSON.
- geopy - Python Geocoding Toolbox.

HTML Manipulation

_Libraries for working with HTML and XML._

- beautifulsoup - Providing Pythonic idioms for iterating, searching, and modifying HTML or XML.
- cssutils - A CSS library for Python.
- html5lib - A standards-compliant library for parsing and serializing HTML documents and fragments.
- JustHTML - A pure Python HTML5 parser that just works. No C extensions to compile. No system dependencies to install. No complex API to learn.
- lxml - A very fast, easy-to-use and versatile library for handling HTML and XML.
- markupsafe - Implements a XML/HTML/XHTML Markup safe string for Python.
- pyquery - A jQuery-like library for parsing HTML.
- untangle - Converts XML documents to Python objects for easy access.
- WeasyPrint - A visual rendering engine for HTML and CSS that can export to PDF.
- xmldataset - Simple XML Parsing.
- xmltodict - Working with XML feel like you are working with JSON.

HTTP Clients

_Libraries for working with HTTP._

- httpx - A next generation HTTP client for Python.
- requests - HTTP Requests for Humans.
- treq - Python requests like API built on top of Twisted's HTTP client.
- urllib3 - A HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, sanity friendly.

Hardware

_Libraries for programming with hardware._

- keyboard - Hook and simulate global keyboard events on Windows and Linux.
- mouse - Hook and simulate global mouse events on Windows and Linux.
- pynput - A library to control and monitor input devices.
- scapy - A brilliant packet manipulation library.

Image Processing

_Libraries for manipulating images._

- pillow - Pillow is the friendly PIL fork.
- pymatting - A library for alpha matting.
- python-barcode - Create barcodes in Python with no extra dependencies.
- python-qrcode - A pure Python QR Code generator.
- pyvips - A fast image processing library with low memory needs.
- pywal - A tool that generates color schemes from images.
- quads - Computer art based on quadtrees.
- scikit-image - A Python library for (scientific) image processing.
- thumbor - A smart imaging service. It enables on-demand crop, re-sizing and flipping of images.
- wand - Python bindings for MagickWand, C API for ImageMagick.

Implementations

_Implementations of Python._

- clpython - Implementation of the Python programming language written in Common Lisp.
- cpython - Default, most widely used implementation of the Python programming language written in C.
- cython - Optimizing Static Compiler for Python.
- ironpython - Implementation of the Python programming language written in C#.
- micropython - A lean and efficient Python programming language implementation.
- numba - Python JIT compiler to LLVM aimed at scientific Python.
- peachpy - x86-64 assembler embedded in Python.
- pypy - A very fast and compliant implementation of the Python language.
- pyston - A Python implementation using JIT techniques.

Interactive Interpreter

_Interactive Python interpreters (REPL)._

- bpython - A fancy interface to the Python interpreter.
- Jupyter Notebook (IPython) - A rich toolkit to help you make the most out of using Python interactively.
- awesome-jupyter
- marimo - Transform data and train models, feels like a next-gen notebook, stored as Git-friendly Python.
- ptpython - Advanced Python REPL built on top of the python-prompt-toolkit.

Internationalization

_Libraries for working with i18n._

- Babel - An internationalization library for Python.
- PyICU - A wrapper of International Components for Unicode C++ library (ICU).

Job Scheduler

_Libraries for scheduling jobs._

- Airflow - Airflow is a platform to programmatically author, schedule and monitor workflows.
- APScheduler - A light but powerful in-process task scheduler that lets you schedule functions.
- django-schedule - A calendaring app for Django.
- doit - A task runner and build tool.
- Joblib - A set of tools to provide lightweight pipelining in Python.
- Plan - Writing crontab file in Python like a charm.
- Prefect - A modern workflow orchestration framework that makes it easy to build, schedule and monitor robust data pipelines.
- schedule - Python job scheduling for humans.
- Spiff - A powerful workflow engine implemented in pure Python.
- TaskFlow - A Python library that helps to make task execution easy, consistent and reliable.

Logging

_Libraries for generating and working with logs._

- logbook - Logging replacement for Python.
- logging - (Python standard library) Logging facility for Python.
- loguru - Library which aims to bring enjoyable logging in Python.
- sentry-python - Sentry SDK for Python.
- structlog - Structured logging made easy.

Machine Learning

_Libraries for Machine Learning. Also see awesome-machine-learning._

- gym - A toolkit for developing and comparing reinforcement learning algorithms.
- H2O - Open Source Fast Scalable Machine Learning Platform.
- Metrics - Machine learning evaluation metrics.
- MindsDB - MindsDB is an open source AI layer for existing databases that allows you to effortlessly develop, train and deploy state-of-the-art machine learning models using standard queries.
- PraisonAI - Production-ready Multi-AI Agents framework with self-reflection, 100+ LLM support, MCP integration, and agentic workflows.
- scikit-learn - The most popular Python library for Machine Learning.
- Spark ML - Apache Spark's scalable Machine Learning library.
- xgboost - A scalable, portable, and distributed gradient boosting library.

Microsoft Windows

_Python programming on Microsoft Windows._

- PythonNet - Python Integration with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR).
- PyWin32 - Python Extensions for Windows.
- WinPython - Portable development environment for Windows 10/11.

Miscellaneous

_Useful libraries or tools that don't fit in the categories above._

- blinker - A fast Python in-process signal/event dispatching system.
- boltons - A set of pure-Python utilities.
- itsdangerous - Various helpers to pass trusted data to untrusted environments.
- magenta - A tool to generate music and art using artificial intelligence.
- pluginbase - A simple but flexible plugin system for Python.
- tryton - A general-purpose business framework.

Natural Language Processing

_Libraries for working with human languages._

- General
- gensim - Topic Modeling for Humans.
- langid.py - Stand-alone language identification system.
- nltk - A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data.
- pattern - A web mining module.
- polyglot - Natural language pipeline supporting hundreds of languages.
- pytext - A natural language modeling framework based on PyTorch.
- PyTorch-NLP - A toolkit enabling rapid deep learning NLP prototyping for research.
- spacy - A library for industrial-strength natural language processing in Python and Cython.
- Stanza - The Stanford NLP Group's official Python library, supporting 60+ languages.
- Chinese
- funNLP - A collection of tools and datasets for Chinese NLP.
- jieba - The most popular Chinese text segmentation library.
- pkuseg-python - A toolkit for Chinese word segmentation in various domains.
- snownlp - A library for processing Chinese text.

Network Virtualization

_Tools and libraries for Virtual Networking and SDN (Software Defined Networking)._

- mininet - A popular network emulator and API written in Python.
- napalm - Cross-vendor API to manipulate network devices.
- pox - A Python-based SDN control applications, such as OpenFlow SDN controllers.

ORM

_Libraries that implement Object-Relational Mapping or data mapping techniques._

- Relational Databases
- Django Models - The Django ORM.
- SQLAlchemy - The Python SQL Toolkit and Object Relational Mapper.
- awesome-sqlalchemy
- dataset - Store Python dicts in a database - works with SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.
- orm - An async ORM.
- peewee - A small, expressive ORM.
- pony - ORM that provides a generator-oriented interface to SQL.
- pydal - A pure Python Database Abstraction Layer.
- SQLModel - SQLModel is based on Python type annotations, and powered by Pydantic and SQLAlchemy.
- NoSQL Databases
- mongoengine - A Python Object-Document-Mapper for working with MongoDB.
- PynamoDB - A Pythonic interface for Amazon DynamoDB.

Package Management

_Libraries for package and dependency management._

- pip - The package installer for Python.
- pip-tools - A set of tools to keep your pinned Python dependencies fresh.
- PyPI
- conda - Cross-platform, Python-agnostic binary package manager.
- Hatch - Modern, extensible Python project management.
- poetry - Python dependency management and packaging made easy.
- uv - An extremely fast Python package and project manager, written in Rust.

Package Repositories

_Local PyPI repository server and proxies._

- bandersnatch - PyPI mirroring tool provided by Python Packaging Authority (PyPA).
- devpi - PyPI server and packaging/testing/release tool.
- warehouse - Next generation Python Package Repository (PyPI).

Penetration Testing

_Frameworks and tools for penetration testing._

- fsociety - A Penetration testing framework.
- setoolkit - A toolkit for social engineering.
- sqlmap - Automatic SQL injection and database takeover tool.

Permissions

_Libraries that allow or deny users access to data or functionality._

- django-guardian - Implementation of per object permissions for Django 1.2+
- django-rules - A tiny but powerful app providing object-level permissions to Django, without requiring a database.

Processes

_Libraries for starting and communicating with OS processes._

- delegator.py - Subprocesses for Humans 2.0.
- sarge - Yet another wrapper for subprocess.
- sh - A full-fledged subprocess replacement for Python.

Recommender Systems

_Libraries for building recommender systems._

- annoy - Approximate Nearest Neighbors in C++/Python optimized for memory usage.
- fastFM - A library for Factorization Machines.
- implicit - A fast Python implementation of collaborative filtering for implicit datasets.
- libffm - A library for Field-aware Factorization Machine (FFM).
- lightfm - A Python implementation of a number of popular recommendation algorithms.
- spotlight - Deep recommender models using PyTorch.
- Surprise - A scikit for building and analyzing recommender systems.
- tensorrec - A Recommendation Engine Framework in TensorFlow.

Refactoring

_Refactoring tools and libraries for Python._

- Bowler - Safe code refactoring for modern Python.
- Rope - Rope is a python refactoring library.

RESTful API

_Libraries for building RESTful APIs._

- Django
- django-rest-framework - A powerful and flexible toolkit to build web APIs.
- django-tastypie - Creating delicious APIs for Django apps.
- Flask
- eve - REST API framework powered by Flask, MongoDB and good intentions.
- flask-api - Browsable Web APIs for Flask.
- flask-restful - Quickly building REST APIs for Flask.
- Pyramid
- cornice - A RESTful framework for Pyramid.
- Framework agnostic
- falcon - A high-performance framework for building cloud APIs and web app backends.
- fastapi - A modern, fast, web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+ based on standard Python type hints.
- hug - A Python 3 framework for cleanly exposing APIs.
- sandman2 - Automated REST APIs for existing database-driven systems.
- sanic - A Python 3.6+ web server and web framework that's written to go fast.

Robotics

_Libraries for robotics._

- PythonRobotics - This is a compilation of various robotics algorithms with visualizations.
- rospy - This is a library for ROS (Robot Operating System).

RPC Servers

_RPC-compatible servers._

- RPyC (Remote Python Call) - A transparent and symmetric RPC library for Python
- zeroRPC - zerorpc is a flexible RPC implementation based on ZeroMQ and MessagePack.

Science

_Libraries for scientific computing. Also see Python-for-Scientists._

- astropy - A community Python library for Astronomy.
- bcbio-nextgen - Providing best-practice pipelines for fully automated high throughput sequencing analysis.
- bccb - Collection of useful code related to biological analysis.
- Biopython - Biopython is a set of freely available tools for biological computation.
- cclib - A library for parsing and interpreting the results of computational chemistry packages.
- Colour - Implementing a comprehensive number of colour theory transformations and algorithms.
- Karate Club - Unsupervised machine learning toolbox for graph structured data.
- NetworkX - A high-productivity software for complex networks.
- NIPY - A collection of neuroimaging toolkits.
- NumPy - A fundamental package for scientific computing with Python.
- ObsPy - A Python toolbox for seismology.
- Open Babel - A chemical toolbox designed to speak the many languages of chemical data.
- PyDy - Short for Python Dynamics, used to assist with workflow in the modeling of dynamic motion.
- PyMC - Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling toolkit.
- QuTiP - Quantum Toolbox in Python.
- RDKit - Cheminformatics and Machine Learning Software.
- SciPy - A Python-based ecosystem of open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.
- SimPy - A process-based discrete-event simulation framework.
- statsmodels - Statistical modeling and econometrics in Python.
- SymPy - A Python library for symbolic mathematics.
- Zipline - A Pythonic algorithmic trading library.

Search

_Libraries and software for indexing and performing search queries on data._

- django-haystack - Modular search for Django.
- elasticsearch-dsl-py - The official high-level Python client for Elasticsearch.
- elasticsearch-py - The official low-level Python client for Elasticsearch.
- pysolr - A lightweight Python wrapper for Apache Solr.
- whoosh - A fast, pure Python search engine library.

Serialization

_Libraries for serializing complex data types._

- marshmallow - A lightweight library for converting complex objects to and from simple Python datatypes.
- pysimdjson - A Python bindings for simdjson.
- python-rapidjson - A Python wrapper around RapidJSON.
- toonify - A compact, human-readable serialization format that reduces LLM token usage by 30-60% compared to JSON.
- ultrajson - A fast JSON decoder and encoder written in C with Python bindings.

Serverless Frameworks

_Frameworks for developing serverless Python code._

- python-lambda - A toolkit for developing and deploying Python code in AWS Lambda.
- Zappa - A tool for deploying WSGI applications on AWS Lambda and API Gateway.

Shell

_Shells based on Python._

- xonsh - A Python-powered shell. Full-featured and cross-platform.

Specific Formats Processing

_Libraries for parsing and manipulating specific text formats._

- General
- tablib - A module for Tabular Datasets in XLS, CSV, JSON, YAML.
- Office
- docxtpl - Editing a docx document by jinja2 template
- openpyxl - A library for reading and writing Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files.
- pyexcel - Providing one API for reading, manipulating and writing csv, ods, xls, xlsx and xlsm files.
- python-docx - Reads, queries and modifies Microsoft Word 2007/2008 docx files.
- python-pptx - Python library for creating and updating PowerPoint (.pptx) files.
- unoconv - Convert between any document format supported by LibreOffice/OpenOffice.
- XlsxWriter - A Python module for creating Excel .xlsx files.
- xlwings - A BSD-licensed library that makes it easy to call Python from Excel and vice versa.
- xlwt / xlrd - Writing and reading data and formatting information from Excel files.
- PDF
- pdfminer.six - Pdfminer.six is a community maintained fork of the original PDFMiner.
- pikepdf - A powerful library for reading and editing PDF files, based on qpdf.
- PyPDF2 - A library capable of splitting, merging and transforming PDF pages.
- ReportLab - Allowing Rapid creation of rich PDF documents.
- Markdown
- Mistune - Fastest and full featured pure Python parsers of Markdown.
- Python-Markdown - A Python implementation of John Gruber’s Markdown.
- YAML
- PyYAML - YAML implementations for Python.
- CSV
- csvkit - Utilities for converting to and working with CSV.
- Archive
- unp - A command line tool that can unpack archives easily.

Static Site Generator

_Static site generator is a software that takes some text + templates as input and produces HTML files on the output._

- lektor - An easy to use static CMS and blog engine.
- makesite - Simple, lightweight, and magic-free static site/blog generator (< 130 lines).
- mkdocs - Markdown friendly documentation generator.
- nikola - A static website and blog generator.
- pelican - Static site generator that supports Markdown and reST syntax.

Task Queues

_Libraries for working with task queues._

- celery - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.
- dramatiq - A fast and reliable background task processing library for Python 3.
- huey - Little multi-threaded task queue.
- mrq - A distributed worker task queue in Python using Redis & gevent.
- rq - Simple job queues for Python.

Template Engine

_Libraries and tools for templating and lexing._

- Genshi - Python templating toolkit for generation of web-aware output.
- Jinja2 - A modern and designer friendly templating language.
- Mako - Hyperfast and lightweight templating for the Python platform.

Testing

_Libraries for testing codebases and generating test data._

- Testing Frameworks
- hypothesis - Hypothesis is an advanced Quickcheck style property based testing library.
- nose2 - The successor to nose, based on `unittest2.
- pytest - A mature full-featured Python testing tool.
- Robot Framework - A generic test automation framework.
- unittest - (Python standard library) Unit testing framework.
- Test Runners
- green - A clean, colorful test runner.
- mamba - The definitive testing tool for Python. Born under the banner of BDD.
- tox - Auto builds and tests distributions in multiple Python versions
- GUI / Web Testing
- locust - Scalable user load testing tool written in Python.
- PyAutoGUI - PyAutoGUI is a cross-platform GUI automation Python module for human beings.
- Schemathesis - A tool for automatic property-based testing of web applications built with Open API / Swagger specifications.
- Selenium - Python bindings for Selenium WebDriver.
- splinter - Open source tool for testing web applications.
- Mock
- doublex - Powerful test doubles framework for Python.
- freezegun - Travel through time by mocking the datetime module.
- httmock - A mocking library for requests for Python 2.6+ and 3.2+.
- httpretty - HTTP request mock tool for Python.
- mock - (Python standard library) A mocking and patching library.
- mocket - A socket mock framework with gevent/asyncio/SSL support.
- responses - A utility library for mocking out the requests Python library.
- VCR.py - Record and replay HTTP interactions on your tests.
- Object Factories
- factory_boy - A test fixtures replacement for Python.
- mixer - Another fixtures replacement. Supports Django, Flask, SQLAlchemy, Peewee and etc.
- polyfactory - mock data generation library with support to classes (continuation of pydantic-factories)
- Code Coverage
- coverage - Code coverage measurement.
- Fake Data
- faker - A Python package that generates fake data.
- mimesis - is a Python library that help you generate fake data.

Text Processing

_Libraries for parsing and manipulating plain texts._

- General
- chardet - Python 2/3 compatible character encoding detector.
- difflib - (Python standard library) Helpers for computing deltas.
- ftfy - Makes Unicode text less broken and more consistent automagically.
- fuzzywuzzy - Fuzzy String Matching.
- Levenshtein - Fast computation of Levenshtein distance and string similarity.
- pangu.py - Paranoid text spacing.
- pyfiglet - An implementation of figlet written in Python.
- pypinyin - Convert Chinese hanzi (漢字) to pinyin (拼音).
- textdistance - Compute distance between sequences with 30+ algorithms.
- unidecode - ASCII transliterations of Unicode text.
- Slugify
- awesome-slugify - A Python slugify library that can preserve unicode.
- python-slugify - A Python slugify library that translates unicode to ASCII.
- unicode-slugify - A slugifier that generates unicode slugs with Django as a dependency.
- Unique identifiers
- hashids - Implementation of hashids in Python.
- shortuuid - A generator library for concise, unambiguous and URL-safe UUIDs.
- Parser
- ply - Implementation of lex and yacc parsing tools for Python.
- pygments - A generic syntax highlighter.
- pyparsing - A general purpose framework for generating parsers.
- python-nameparser - Parsing human names into their individual components.
- python-phonenumbers - Parsing, formatting, storing and validating international phone numbers.
- python-user-agents - Browser user agent parser.
- sqlparse - A non-validating SQL parser.

URL Manipulation

_Libraries for parsing URLs._

- furl - A small Python library that makes parsing and manipulating URLs easy.
- purl - A simple, immutable URL class with a clean API for interrogation and manipulation.
- pyshorteners - A pure Python URL shortening lib.
- webargs - A friendly library for parsing HTTP request arguments with built-in support for popular web frameworks.

Video

_Libraries for manipulating video and GIFs._

- moviepy - A module for script-based movie editing with many formats, including animated GIFs.
- scikit-video - Video processing routines for SciPy.
- vidgear - Most Powerful multi-threaded Video Processing framework.

Web Asset Management

_Tools for managing, compressing and minifying website assets._

- django-compressor - Compresses linked and inline JavaScript or CSS into a single cached file.
- django-pipeline - An asset packaging library for Django.
- django-storages - A collection of custom storage back ends for Django.
- fanstatic - Packages, optimizes, and serves static file dependencies as Python packages.
- flask-assets - Helps you integrate webassets into your Flask app.
- webassets - Bundles, optimizes, and manages unique cache-busting URLs for static resources.

Web Content Extracting

_Libraries for extracting web contents._

- html2text - Convert HTML to Markdown-formatted text.
- lassie - Web Content Retrieval for Humans.
- micawber - A small library for extracting rich content from URLs.
- newspaper - News extraction, article extraction and content curation in Python.
- python-readability - Fast Python port of arc90's readability tool.
- requests-html - Pythonic HTML Parsing for Humans.
- sumy - A module for automatic summarization of text documents and HTML pages.
- textract - Extract text from any document, Word, PowerPoint, PDFs, etc.
- toapi - Every web site provides APIs.

Web Crawling

_Libraries to automate web scraping._

- feedparser - Universal feed parser.
- grab - Site scraping framework.
- mechanicalsoup - A Python library for automating interaction with websites.
- scrapy - A fast high-level screen scraping and web crawling framework.

Web Frameworks

_Traditional full stack web frameworks. Also see RESTful API._

- Synchronous
- django - The most popular web framework in Python.
- awesome-django
- awesome-django
- flask - A microframework for Python.
- awesome-flask
- pyramid - A small, fast, down-to-earth, open source Python web framework.
- awesome-pyramid
- fastHTML - The fastest way to create an HTML app.
- masonite - The modern and developer centric Python web framework.
- awesome-fasthtml
- Asynchronous
- microdot - The impossibly small web framework for Python and MicroPython.
- reflex – A framework for building reactive, full-stack web applications entirely with python .
- tornado - A web framework and asynchronous networking library.

WebSocket

_Libraries for working with WebSocket._

- autobahn-python - WebSocket & WAMP for Python on Twisted and asyncio.
- channels - Developer-friendly asynchrony for Django.
- websockets - A library for building WebSocket servers and clients with a focus on correctness and simplicity.

WSGI Servers

_WSGI-compatible web servers._

- gunicorn - Pre-forked, ported from Ruby's Unicorn project.
- uwsgi - A project aims at developing a full stack for building hosting services, written in C.
- waitress - Multi-threaded, powers Pyramid.
- werkzeug - A WSGI utility library for Python that powers Flask and can easily be embedded into your own projects.

Resources

Where to discover learning resources or new Python libraries.

Newsletters

- Awesome Python Newsletter
- Pycoder's Weekly
- Python Tricks
- Python Weekly

Podcasts

- Django Chat
- PyPodcats
- Python Bytes
- Python Test
- Talk Python To Me
- The Real Python Podcast

Contributing

Your contributions are always welcome! Please take a look at the contribution guidelines first.

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If you have any question about this opinionated list, do not hesitate to contact me @VintaChen on Twitter or open an issue on GitHub.